3.1 Laser processing method

The working principle of the laser processing method is to collect the light energy generated by the light source through the optical system, and generate a large amount of heat at the gathering place, and use this part of heat to realize the processing and manufacturing of the wire drawing die. In the 1960s, China's experiments on laser processing were successful. With the development of computer technology, the processing level of laser processing was a qualitative leap, which greatly improved the processing efficiency of wire drawing dies. Processing quality. The processing range of the laser processing method is a hole having a diameter of between 0.1 mm and 1 mm, and the ratio of the depth of the machined hole to the diameter is between 50 and 100.

3.2 electrolytic processing method

The main working principle of the electrolytic processing method is the principle of electrochemical reaction, which uses a chemical reaction of a metal element in an electrolyte solution to process a workpiece. The electrolytic processing method has a wide processing range, high processing efficiency, and high processing quality. The electrolytic processing method is widely used in the processing and manufacturing of hard alloy wire drawing dies; for the polycrystalline diamond wire drawing dies, since the composition of the polycrystalline diamond is very complicated, the process of manufacturing the polycrystalline diamond wire drawing dies by the electrolytic processing method is very complicated. Therefore, the special processing method of electrolytic machining is not suitable for the processing and manufacturing of polycrystalline diamond wire drawing dies.

3.3 EDM

3.3.1 Working Mechanism of EDM

EDM is widely used in the processing and manufacturing of polycrystalline diamond wire drawing dies. The electric discharge machining method is mainly composed of a tool electrode, a workpiece electrode, a working fluid and the like. The tool electrode and the workpiece electrode are simultaneously placed in the working fluid, and a certain gap is left between the tool electrode and the workpiece electrode, and then a certain voltage is applied to the tool electrode and the workpiece electrode, and the distance between the two electrodes is controlled. Continue to shrink until the voltage between the two electrodes reaches the breakdown voltage, thereby penetrating the working fluid. At this time, the temperature and pressure near the working fluid rise sharply at the moment of discharge, so that the surface material of the workpiece melts into the working fluid, the melted material will solidify in the working fluid, and then the circulation will be extremely short as the working fluid is discharged. Repeated in the time, resulting in electrical corrosion of the metal, in order to achieve the function of processing the workpiece. EDM can process workpieces with complex shapes and fewer machining defects, which facilitates automated machining.

3.3.2 EDM process steps

The processing of the wire drawing die is mainly divided into five areas. When processing the diametering area of the wire drawing die, the copper tube is selected as two electrodes, and it is necessary to pay a certain machining allowance for the subsequent finishing. When processing the in-line area of the wire drawing die, the electrode material is selected to be a copper rod, and the ffi is set to have a diameter of eight mm and a taper angle of sixty to ninety degrees. When machining the lubrication zone of the wire drawing die, copper is still selected as the material of the tool electrode and the workpiece electrode, and the taper angle is set to thirty to forty degrees. When processing the compression zone of the wire drawing die, copper is selected as the tool electrode and the workpiece electrode material, and the taper angle is set to 12 to 20 degrees. When processing the exit zone of the wire drawing die, copper is selected as the material of the tool electrode and the workpiece electrode, and the taper angle is set to sixty to ninety degrees. In terms of processing parameter selection, the pulse width is set to one hundred microseconds, one hundred and fifty microseconds, one hundred and fifty microseconds, one hundred and twenty microseconds, one hundred and fifty microseconds. The pulse interval is set to forty microseconds, sixty microseconds, sixty microseconds, forty microseconds, and sixty microseconds, respectively.

3.4 Ultrasonic processing

3.4.1 Working Mechanism of Ultrasonic Processing

The main working principle of the ultrasonic machining method is to use the grinding tool to generate ultrasonic vibration, so that the workpiece can be rotated at a high speed, and the suspension is filled between the tool and the workpiece. The suspension contains abrasive particles with a very small diameter because of the abrasive grains and the workpiece. There is a high-speed relative motion, which causes the abrasive particles to have a slight frictional effect on the workpiece. The number of abrasive particles is particularly large, and the working frequency of the friction is particularly high, thereby generating a high-frequency grinding process on the surface of the workpiece. Ultrasonic machining has many advantages. Compared with other machining methods, ultrasonic machining has lower requirements on workpiece materials. No matter whether the material can be electrically conductive or not, it is processed by ultrasonic machining. Moreover, the ultrasonic machining method has an adverse effect on the workpiece. Small, so ultrasonic processing can be used for the fine processing of some narrow and thin parts. 3.4.2 Ultrasonic processing steps

The diameter of the wire drawing die suitable for ultrasonic machining should be between 0.1 and 6 millimeters.

Between meters, the power of the equipment should be set above 250 watts, the frequency should be set to 20,000 Hz, the impedance should be set to 12.5 ohms, and the power supply should be selected to be about 220 volts. The specific steps of the ultrasonic processing method are as follows: Firstly, the needle is to be made, and the material of the needle is mostly selected as T9A; then the needle and the horn need to be firmly welded together, and the welding work of the needle must ensure a certain verticality requirement. Then, the selection of the abrasive grain size is carried out, and finally the ultrasonic processing is performed. When processing, the first step is to set the power to the highest allowable power, and then adjust the frequency to make the amplitude of the horn become the maximum amplitude. At this time, the voltage should be the maximum, the current is 300 mA; then the power is applied. Set to the lowest power, then carry out the pressure adjustment work, place the workpiece well, drop the appropriate amount of abrasive liquid, and finally adjust the power to the appropriate power for processing. During the processing, the remaining amount of abrasive grains should be observed at any time. Once the residual amount of abrasive grains is found to be insufficient, the abrasive grain replenishment work should be carried out in time to ensure the smooth progress of the